УДК 615.1:504.064
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52540/2074-9457.2026.2.62
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Н. И. Михайлова, Р. И. Лукашов
ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ДЕСТРУКЦИЯ ЛЕВОФЛОКСАЦИНА ГЕМИГИДРАТА
Белорусский государственный медицинский университет, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь
В статье представлены результаты сравнения эффективности методов химической деструкции левофлоксацина гемигидрата с контролем протекающих процессов методом высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии на 1, 7, 14, 30 сут. Изучена возможность применения реакций гидролиза и окисления для разрушения исследуемого соединения. Для оценки эффективности химической деструкции анализировали изменения площади хроматографического пика левофлоксацина гемигидрата, наличие и количество хроматографических пиков продуктов деструкции, анализировали их спектральные характеристики, учитывали наличие флуоресценции.
При использовании методов гидролиза содержание левофлоксацина уменьшалось на 3,4–37,7%, наиболее выраженное снижение выявлено в щелочной среде (pH 10; натрия гидроксид разведенный) при нагревании до 100 °С в течение 3 ч с последующим выдерживанием при комнатной температуре в течение 30 сут.
Реакции окисления более эффективны в качестве методов химической деструкции левофлоксацина гемигидрата. Полная химическая деструкция происходит при окислении реактивом Фентона (30% раствор пероксида водорода в смеси с 5% раствором железа (II) сульфата в объемном соотношении 10 : 1) на 1 сут, и 5,3% раствором калия персульфата в смеси с 5% раствором железа (II) сульфата на 14 сут. При действии других изученных окислителей (3% раствор пероксида водорода, 30% раствор пероксида водорода при разных pH, 5,3% раствор калия персульфата, 50% раствор натрия гипохлорита) содержание левофлоксацина снижалось в диапазоне от 4,4% до 98%. Однако сохранение флуоресценции этих образцов указывало на отсутствие химической деструкции фармакофора левофлоксацина гемигидрата.
Ключевые слова: левофлоксацина гемигидрат, химическая деструкция, продукт деструкции, высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография, хинолоновое ядро, пиперазиновый фрагмент, флуоресценция.
SUMMARY
N. I. Mikhailova, R. I. Lukashou
CHEMICAL DESTRUCTION OF LEVOFLOXACIN HEMIHYDRATE
This article presents the results of a comparison of the effectiveness of chemical destruction methods for levofloxacin hemihydrate with the monitoring of current processes using high-performance liquid chromatography on day 1, 7, 14, and 30. Feasibility of using hydrolysis and oxidation reactions to destroy the test compound was explored. To assess the effectiveness of chemical destruction, changes in the chromatographic peak area of levofloxacin hemihydrate, presence and number of chromatographic peaks of destruction products, their spectral characteristics including the presence of fluorescence were analyzed.
Using hydrolysis methods levofloxacin content decreased by 3.4–37.7%, the most pronounced decrease was revealed in alkaline medium (pH 10; dilute sodium hydroxide) upon heating up to 100 °C for 3 hours followed by incubation at room temperature for 30 days.
Oxidation reactions are more effective as methods for the chemical destruction of levofloxacin hemihydrate. Complete chemical destruction occurs upon oxidation with Fenton's reagent (30% hydrogen peroxide solution mixed with 5% iron (II) sulfate solution in a ratio 10:1) on day 1, and with 5.3% potassium persulfate solution mixed with 5% iron (II) sulfate solution on day 14. With the effect of other oxidizing agents studied (3% hydrogen peroxide solution, 30% hydrogen peroxide solution with different pH, 5.3% potassium persulfate solution, 50% sodium hypochlorite solution), levofloxacin content decreased in the range of 4.4%–98%. But fluorescence preservation of all samples indicated on the lack of levofloxacin hemihydrate pharmacophore chemical destruction.
Keywords: levofloxacin hemihydrate, chemical destruction, destruction product, high-performance liquid chromatography, quinolone ring, piperazine fragment, fluorescence.
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Михайлова Н. И.
Поступила 26.03.2026 г.